What is the best roof pitch for solar in California?
Jul. 15, 2024
Solar Panel Direction: What is the Best Angle?
The perfect angle: A common rule of thumb is that solar panels are most productive when installed at an angle to match the local latitude. Thats true if every day is sunny, as a SETO spokesperson told us. But on cloudy days, the optimal angle is zero, because the clouds diffuse the sunlight throughout the entire sky. Since most parts of the US get a mix of sun and clouds, the most productive angle is actually flatter than the angle of latitude.
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So, at 33 degrees of latitude in San Diego, the ideal tilt for solar panels is 30 degrees.
(For reference: The southern tip of Florida sits at about 25 degrees of latitude, while the top of Minnesota sits at 49 degrees. Everywhere else in the continental US is somewhere in between.)
With the perfect azimuth and tilt, youll likely squeeze out 1-2% more energy over the course of a year than you would if you set up your ground-mount system facing due south, tilted to match the local latitude. You can look up the precise values for your town with the PV Watts tool from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Making the case for steeper angles toward the southwest
If you can get on a net metering plan for solar, where you get full credit from your utility company for all the electricity you send back to the grid, then your goal should be to make as much total energy as possible in the course of a yearand the tips and guidelines above will get you there.
On the other hand, if youre locked out of this consumer-friendly policy, you could actually save more money by producing a little less total energy, and instead trying to boost the output during certain times of day and certain times of the year.
As we covered earlier, if your utility company forces you into a net-billing solar plan and a time-of-use electricity rate plan, youll often save money by pointing your solar panels a little further west than the optimal azimuth. Youll make less electricity overall, but more of it will come during the late afternoon peak demand period when electricity is most valuable under time-of-use rates.
Steeper angles can also make sense if you want to increase your production during the winter when the sun is lower in the sky. Youll give up a little production during the summer but earn some of it back during the winter. If thats what youre after, the optimum tilt angle is steeper than the latitudetypically 45 to 60 degrees, according to the SETO spokesperson. Plus, installing panels at a steeper angle also allows snow to slide off of your solar panel array more easily.
Solar Panel Angles for Los Angeles, California, US
Solar Panel Angles for Los Angeles, California, US
Los Angeles, California is located at a latitude of 34.11°. Here is the most efficient tilt for photovoltaic panels in Los Angeles:
Orientation
Your photovoltaic panels need to be angled facing south.
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If you're mounting the photovoltaic panels at a stationary angle, such as on your roof, the most efficient angle is 29°.
2-Season tilt
If you're planning to change the angle of your photovoltaic panels twice per year, the most efficient angle is 10.7° in summer months and 49° in winter months.
4-Season tilt
When changing the angle of your photovoltaic panels each season, the most efficient angle is 7.1° in summer months and 54.4° in winter months, and 31.1° in autumn and spring months.
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What products should I use to setup my solar power installation?
How do I determine the best tilt for my solar panels?
The optimal angle for your solar panels will depend on your latitude. At the equator, the sun is almost directly overhead, so solar panels should be installed at a relatively shallow angle, around 10-15 degrees. As you move further away from the equator, the sun's angle becomes more oblique, so solar panels should be installed at a steeper angle to capture more direct sunlight. This will allow them to capture the most sunlight possible and generate the most electricity.
What factors should you consider when shopping for solar panels?
There are several factors to consider when selecting the best rooftop solar panels for your home:
Efficiency: Solar panels are rated by their efficiency, which is a measure of how much of the sun's energy they can convert into electricity. Higher efficiency panels will produce more electricity and may be a better choice if you have limited space on your roof.
Type of panel: There are two main types of solar panels: monocrystalline and polycrystalline. Monocrystalline panels are made from a single, continuous crystal of silicon and are generally more efficient and more expensive. Polycrystalline panels are made from many smaller crystals of silicon and are less efficient but also less expensive.
Size and weight: Make sure the solar panels you choose will fit on your roof and that your roof is able to support their weight.
Brand and warranty: Consider the reputation of the manufacturer and the terms of their warranty. A good warranty can provide peace of mind and protection against any potential defects or problems with the panels.
Cost: The cost of solar panels can vary significantly. Look for panels that offer the best value for your money, taking into account their efficiency, size, and warranty.
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