Method of Desulfurization Process Selection Based on ...

2.1. Desulfurization Process Analysis

As a new energy, biogas is used more and more widely. Our environmental protection standards establish that when using biogas energy, the content of H 2 S in biogas should not exceed 20 mg/m3. Therefore, before using biogas, we must remove the H 2 S . Biogas purification mainly includes desulfurization, dehydration and filtration. Desulfurization refers to the requirement that the mass concentration of H 2 S meet the relevant requirements when biogas is used as energy, otherwise it will corrode pipelines and equipment (such as boilers, biogas engines, etc.).

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There are three commonly used methods of biogas desulfurization in the industry: Dry desulfurization, wet desulfurization and biological desulfurization. In this paper, three desulfurization methods are briefly summarized after consulting the relevant information. The results are shown in Table 1

The common method of dry desulfurization is atmospheric iron oxide desulfurization. Under normal temperature and pressure, biogas passes through the desulfurizer bed, and hydrogen sulfide in biogas contacts with active iron oxide to produce iron sulfide and ferrous sulfide. After regeneration, the desulfurizer containing sulfide contacts with oxygen in the air. When water exists, the sulfide of iron is converted into iron oxide and elemental sulfur. This desulfurization and regeneration process can be carried out many times until most of the voids on the surface of ferric oxide desulfurizer are covered by sulfur or other impurities and lose their activity. Once the desulfurizer loses its activity, it is necessary to discharge the desulfurizer from the tower, spread it on the ground, then spray a small amount of dilute ammonia water on the desulfurizer evenly, and use oxygen in the air for natural regeneration. Wet desulfurization includes direct oxidation, chemical absorption and physical absorption. At present, the main method of desulfurization in China is direct oxidation, which oxidizes hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur in the liquid phase. The process is relatively simple, and elemental sulfur can be obtained directly. This method is mainly used to treat gases with lower concentration of hydrogen sulfide and higher concentration of carbon dioxide. The disadvantage of this desulfurization method is that the sulfur capacity of solution absorbing hydrogen sulfide is low, so the solution has a large circulation and a large amount of sulfur recovery, which is suitable for gases with a desulfurization capacity of less than 10 t/d. Biological desulfurization has the advantages of high desulfurization efficiency, integrated management, low comprehensive operation cost, simple maintenance, long service life, reliable operation and low cost of desulfurizer. It can put desulfurization and dehydration in one unit, and the equipment can continuously desulfurize and dehydrate for a long time. The primary desulfurization efficiency is controlled by the pH value. Dry desulfurization is used for secondary desulfurization, which increases the desulfurization rate to 99.8%. Compared with dry desulfurization, the operation cost of biological desulfurization is lower, but because of the complexity of equipment, higher operation level of operation and maintenance is needed.

Desulfurization and decarbonization are two of the most important components of the refinement process for oil and gas operations. For example, crude oil and other hydrocarbons extracted from the earth often contain sulfur compounds that can lead to air pollution, cause corrosion and impact the performance of certain catalysts.

These compounds also may be present in natural gas, which need to be removed to prevent corrosion in pipelines. Desulfurization is critical for ensuring cleaner emissions from vehicles and equipment as well as protecting the lifespan of crucial infrastructure.

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In addition, removing carbon from oil and gas production has become a higher priority in recent years. As the industry seeks to lessen its impact on the environment, lowering the carbon output of its products is one of the most prominent strategies.

High-efficiency decarburizes developed by our company is a formula solvent for removing carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, which is mainly composed of N-methyl diethanolamine, activator, corrosion inhibitor, and other components.  

High-efficiency decarbonization and desulfurization agent is mainly used for the removal of acid gas in natural gas-rich in CO2 and H2S, and it is also suitable for the removal of CO2 and H2S in fertilizer plants, synthetic ammonia plants, and urea production.

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