What is an LCD?

Jun. 10, 2024

What is an LCD?

New Way Air Bearings has long been a friend to high precision industries, namely semiconductor manufacturing, flat panel display production and the associated quality processes which they necessitate. Today we want to focus on an adjacent industry which stands to reap immense gains from the benefits of Frictionless Motion®&#;: LCD production. But what does LCD stand for, why is this industry important, and how do air bearings factor into the equation? Keep reading to find out.

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What is an LCD
?

LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display, which is a variety of flat panel displays used in everything from microwaves to watches to high-resolution screens. They are thinner, lighter, and draw far less power than over varieties of screen, making them ideal for consumer electronics. Depending on the level of complexity required, these displays can be simple black-and-white and need a backlight, or offer full color and high definition.

Liquid crystal displays use the properties of electrically sensitive liquid crystals to generate images. As current is applied, the crystals align relative to the field, blocking or allowing light to pass through. For the most complex displays, this light then pases through tiny filtered squares of the screen colored blue, green or red. These are the pixels which we commonly understand to be the basic units of screen resolution. Taken in aggregate, the current applied across the screen in a defined pattern produces the resulting image.

The LCD market is not a small one, with a valuation of approximately 164 billion dollars in , and an expected growth to 223 billion by . Along with the rest of the electronics industry, LCD production is susceptible to the supply chain instabilities which are currently engulfing many high tech industries. These bottlenecks can take the form of external factors like raw material shortages or shipping delays, as well as internal considerations such as process inefficiencies, material defects and quality rejections.

The Benefits of Porous Media for
Flat Panel Displays

Here at New Way, we&#;ve spent decades leveraging the unique capabilities of our Porous Media Technology&#; into improving the speed, quality and reliability of manufacturing processes, and the LCD market is no different. For an industry which requires strict adherence to cleanroom protocols, around the clock production, and delicate material handling, Porous Media air bearings are the secret to even greater success.

Cleanroom Compliance

Cleanroom compliance is of the utmost importance in manufacturing LCDs. If you can&#;t meet cleanroom standards for particulates per cubic meter, almost all of your other process metrics are meaningless. ISO defines the standards for cleanroom compliance, from ISO 9 which permits 35,200,000 particles of 0.5 &#;m/m3 down to the incredibly stringent ISO 1 of only 10 particles of 0.1 &#;m/m3.

Owing to the microperforated structure of our porous carbon bearing faces, and the fact that our bearings feature no dynamic components capable of ejecting material into the environment, our bearings are inherently cleanroom compatible. In our own internal testing, our bearings handily exceed ISO Class 3, and even meet ISO Class 1 standards, allowing only 3 0.1 &#;m/m3 into the test chamber, when normalized for volume.

Seamless Conveying

Air bearings provide unique methods of transporting glass substrates through the combined application of positive and negative pressure. Our Air Bars have found a home in the Flat Panel Display (FFP) manufacturing sector for their ability to rapidly move large sections of glass safely at high speed. Positive pressure through the bearing floats the glass above the carbon surface, while careful application of vacuum pressure allows you to dial in flatness control and maintain control of the material even during high speed transit.

In such a precision-minded field where even miniscule defects can mean a part fails quality checks, it&#;s understandable to question how well a new system plays with the material it&#;s meant to transport. This is the beauty of porous bearings. When guiding a stage, the bearings do not contact their guide surface, and the same goes for a material floated on top of them.

Crash Resistance

In the event of power failure, the bearing will slowly depressurize and cause any material being transported to gently settle down. Additionally, owing to the compressible nature of the Porous Media, the bearing face will act as an ablative layer, absorbing any damage and leaving your guideway or product unscathed.

Porous media air bearings offer numerous effects to many other facets of the LCD process. Our flat round air bearings were originally designed for checkmate coordinate measuring machines to take advantage of their hysteresis free motion, and the lack of contacting components mean they will never wear down, spall and require maintenance.

Take the Next Step for Your Precision Process

Want to learn more about what air bearings can offer your process and how easy retrofitting can be? Contact us today to learn more!

For more information, please visit Wholesale TFT LCD.

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Is LED better than LCD? The difference between display ...

Sometimes the distance between good and great seems like hardly any distance at all &#; such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) versus light-emitting diode (LED) displays. Both are suitable for retail window signage, campus wayfinding or large video walls. But LCD and LED have significant differences, and their specific benefits are worth understanding so you can choose the best displays for your business needs.

Defining LCD displays

LCD is the broader category; LED is a subset. In other words, all LED displays are LCDs, but not all LCDs are LED. LCDs are made up of hundreds of thousands &#; even millions &#; of individual pixels built from liquid crystals. Each pixel is capable of displaying a color when it receives an electrical charge. Like a mosaic, the displayed image is built from tiny elements that combine to form the overall picture.

But the liquid crystals don&#;t produce any light of their own, so in order for the image to be illuminated, the liquid crystals need to be backlit. LCDs are illuminated by cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs), evenly positioned behind the pixels so that, at least in theory, every part of the screen is evenly lit and at consistent brightness.

Refining the tech with LEDs

Up to a point, LED displays are much the same. An LED screen also uses liquid crystals to generate color &#; or pure black (no color), by not charging a specific pixel. So LED displays have the same need for backlighting. But rather than CCFL, tiny individual lights (light-emitting diodes) illuminate the liquid crystals.

The individual LEDs can be arranged one of two ways: full-array or edge-lit. For edge lighting, the LEDs are arranged around the edges of the back of the screen. Full-array, on the other hand, calls for many LEDs to be lined up evenly across the back of the screen, where they can be arranged into zones (usually called &#;dimming zones&#; or &#;local dimming&#;).

LED vs. LCD: Which is better?

Is LED just plain better than LCD? Well, for a while, LCD screens represented the cutting edge of digital signage. But now, about the only meaningful advantage of LCD over LED is price point. As LCD is becoming outdated, it tends to be less of an upfront investment. In every other respect, though, LED displays have the advantage.

No matter the arrangement of the backlighting, LED has a greater nit value than LCD, which means it&#;s brighter (&#;nit&#; comes from the Latin &#;nitere,&#; meaning &#;to shine&#;). The average nit value for LCDs is between 500 and 700 nits, while LEDs are typically between 1,200 and 2,400 nits. With greater brightness comes greater contrast, and all-day visibility on outdoor displays.

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Despite the energy output, higher brightness doesn&#;t necessarily mean a shorter lifespan. In fact, LED displays have an average lifespan of 10 years &#; double the average five-year lifespan of LCDs. Factoring longevity into the cost of your signage, LED&#;s longer lifespan can make it cheaper than LCD in the long run.

Even with edge lighting, LED produces more vividly lifelike images than CCFL-backlit LCDs &#; and with sleeker hardware, thanks to their minimalist design. And while LCD bezels have drastically reduced over time, they&#;re still greater than zero. LED has no bezels at all.

Full-array backlighting requires a little more depth to the screen, but with discrete dimming zones, LEDs can be illuminated far more precisely &#; which, in turn, means more accurate and engaging visuals.

Next generation: microLED

LED isn&#;t the first technology to realize miniaturization is the way forward. Even as screens get bigger, the next big step is made of smaller parts: microLEDs.

Up to 40 times smaller than regular LEDs, microLEDs allow backlighting to be even more precisely targeted, with many times more diodes. This, in turn, delivers a more accurate picture, with greater contrast and highly focused areas of brightness. Samsung&#;s The Wall is a spectacular example of what microLED is capable of.

Whether you need your digital signage to entertain, inform or simply impress, understanding the differences between LCD and LED will allow you to make a better-informed decision.

With best-in-class picture quality and exceptional durability, Samsung LED displays can help your business deliver content that engages, informs and entertains. Samsung&#;s trade-in program makes it easy for businesses to upgrade their video wall with LED technology. Once you&#;ve chosen your displays, learn how you can configure and tailor their real-time messaging using an integrated CMS in this free guide.

Want more information on Wholesale TFT LCD Displays? Feel free to contact us.

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